The Ottoman rule in Egypt began with the victory of Sultan Selim I over the Mamluk Sultan Tuman Bay in the Battle of Ridania in 1517 AD, and Egypt became a province of the Ottomans, and it was the capital of the Ottoman Empire in Constantinople, and the Ottoman rule of Egypt continued until the beginning of the French campaign against Egypt in (1798-1801 AD), Then the Ottoman rule returned again until the year 1805 AD, there were no significant political developments in Egypt during this period, apart from the continuous competition between the Ottoman rulers and the Mamluks.
When Khair Bey took over and was governor of Aleppo, the state of Egypt, he made a decision to abolish the Mamluk feudalism, and made the collection of money stable and the extraction of wheat was sending part of it to manage the affairs of the empire, and he took a garrison of the Janissaries to guard the walls of Cairo and the castle that was the seat of the Ottoman governor.
When the ruler Ahmed Pasha took over after him in 1522, he declared the Sultanate in Egypt, and the Jews were helping him with money. However, he was killed in 1524 A.D., Egypt came after him, the Grand Vizier Ibrahim Pasha, a year after him and set a new administration policy. The formation of the first Ottoman government, headed by the governor or the pasha, was assisted by a consultative council that met four times a week. And divided Egypt 14 departments headed by Egyptian officers and their task is to regulate irrigation and collect taxes.
Egypt was as an Ottoman state divided into several administrative regions, and every region that was occupied by the Mamluk, the Beks, was responsible before the Ottoman ruler, and the ruler was responsible before the High Gate in Astana.
In the 18th century, the Pasha became a figurehead, but the Mamelukes of the Beks were the people of the solution and the decade in Egypt. Among them were raging power struggles and competition for control of power that remained until the advent of the French campaign in 1798, which changed the position of the Mamluks and dispersed them.
The coalition forces came from the Ottomans and the British and postponed the French campaign from Egypt in 1801, leaving behind chaos and internal conflicts, and the ruler over Egypt was Khorshid Pasha, and in 1805 the Egyptians came out against the Ottoman governor and was removed from his post and Muhammad was brought as a new governor of Egypt.
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Thu, Feb. 11, 2021
